The forms for the symphony, sonata, concerto, and string quartet were standardized. Chant used modes as its basic harmonic structure.Д¬hord: a group of three or more notes played at the same timeД¬hord progression: a succession of chords that are related to each other forming the harmonic basis of the pieceД¬hromatic: from the Greek for вЂњcolor,вЂќ a melodic or harmonic passage which features notes outside of the key signature indicated for the work a scale which moves by half steps using each note availableД¬lassical period: music written from about 1750-1827, featuring regular phrases, a focus on a single melody, a light texture, and clear cadences. Chants began simply and later became more complicated and were among the first Western music to use a standardize notation system. The keyboardist would add chords to the bass line to fill out the accompaniment.Д«eat: the main accent or rhythmic unit in a measure of music, usually the strongest accent is on beat one of a measureД«inary form: a composition which features two main sections which often features two contrasting themes, often noted as ABД«rass: a family of wind instruments made of metal and using a mouthpiece to create sound features the trumpet, French horn, trombone, and tuba, among othersД¬adence: the chord at the end of a harmonic progression that brings a section to an endД¬adenza: an elaborate and highly virtuosic solo line which features the solo performer, often found at the end of a concerto or near the end of arias where the soloist can show off their skillsД¬antata: a composition featuring chorus, soloists, and orchestra that is not staged, can be secular or sacredД¬hant: also known as Gregorian chant, the collection of sacred music used during religious services, which often features repeated notes to recite long sections of scripture. Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frideric Handel, and Antonio Vivaldi were well-known Baroque composers.Д«ass: the lowest part of the chord or composition, the notes typically played by the left hand on the pianoД«ass clef: the вЂњf clefвЂќ that signifies the bass line of the staffД«ass line: the line played by the lowest instruments in a group or the left hand on the piano, typically provides the harmonic foundation for a compositionД«asso continuo: a small group of musicians, usually featuring a keyboardist and a low string, that played the bass line of a composition.

Chords can be augmented as well by raising the top interval by a half step.Д«ar lines: the vertical line that separates a measure of music from the subsequent oneД«aroque period: music written between roughly 1600-1750, commonly featuring long melodies, lots of counterpoint, and use of ornamentation. The piece was written in honor of Josephine Brunsvik, another вЂњImmortal BelovedвЂќ candidate, and is often considered a musical declaration of love by Beethoven.ДЄria: the song-like pieces within an opera which are used by the characters to respond emotionally to the dramatic actionДЄugmented: to raise an interval by an extra half step making it larger than usual, for example changing F-A, normally a major third, to F-A#, now an augmented third. 53, Waldstein however, Beethoven removed it from the sonata because the work had gotten too long. Initially Beethoven intended it to be the second movement of his Piano Sonata, Op. The piece may have been inspired by Antonie Brentano, one of the women who may have been the вЂњImmortal Beloved.вЂќДЄndante favori: A solo piano work written by Beethoven around 1803-04. The term can be used to describe an extremely handsome man, who is often a bit vain, especially concerning his appearance.ДЄn die fern Geliebte (To the Distant Beloved): A song cycle written by Beethoven in 1816 based on the poetry of Alois Jeitteles. Piano action can be described as вЂњlightвЂќ or вЂњheavyвЂќ depending upon how much force is required to depress the key.ДЄdonis: an extremely beautiful Greek boy from mythological tales who was a favorite of the goddess Aphrodite. When a key is depressed, a hammer is trigged which strikes a string thus creating the sound. Accent: to give extra weight or stress to a noteДЄccidental: any change to a note that makes it differ from the key signature of the piece, for example raising or lowering a note by a half stepДЄction: the mechanical assembly on a keyboard instrument.

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